Ace the ADEX Dental Hygiene Exam 2026 – Sparkle Your Smile and Your Career!

One of the primary indications for bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis is the presence of prosthetic heart valves. Individuals with prosthetic heart valves are at an increased risk of developing infective endocarditis, a serious infection of the heart valves or endocardium due to bacteria entering the bloodstream. This risk is heightened during dental procedures that can cause bleeding and allow bacteria to enter the bloodstream.

Patients with prosthetic heart valves are advised to receive prophylactic antibiotics before certain dental procedures to reduce the likelihood of such infections. This guideline is backed by recommendations from organizations such as the American Heart Association, which emphasize the need for preventive measures in at-risk populations.

In contrast, the other options listed—previous pregnancy complications, history of asthma, and hypertensive heart disease—do not carry the same level of risk for bacterial endocarditis. Therefore, they are not considered indications for prophylaxis in the context of dental procedures. Understanding these distinctions helps ensure that at-risk patients receive the appropriate care to prevent serious health complications.