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The type of tongue papillae that is most numerous and does not contain taste buds is the filiform papillae. These structures are primarily responsible for the texture of the tongue and aid in the mechanical aspect of the digestive process, such as the manipulation of food. The filiform papillae are slender and conical in shape, distributed across the dorsal surface of the tongue, and they play a crucial role in providing friction that helps in the movement of food during chewing.

In contrast, other types of papillae such as circumvallate, fungiform, and foliate are associated with taste sensations. Circumvallate papillae, although fewer in number, reside at the back of the tongue and contain numerous taste buds. Fungiform papillae are found on the anterior part of the tongue and also harbor taste buds within their structure. Foliate papillae, located on the lateral aspects of the tongue, can also contain taste buds and are involved in taste perception. Therefore, the distinguishing feature of filiform papillae is their lack of taste buds and their high prevalence, making them unique in their function compared to other papillae types.